Abrasive composition



Patented Feb. 9, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT orrica EDWARD A. HILL, OF CLEVEIAND, OHIO, ASGIGNOB 1'0 THE PANOLEUH COIPANY, OF GLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO ALBRABIVE conrosrrzon Ho Drawing.

This invention relates to an abrasive composition and the method of com ounding the same by which the properties 0 the composition may be varied to ada t the same to difierent uses, the invention eing particularly applicable to abrasive compositions suitable for application to a bufing wheel.

The present invention has for an object to provide an abrasive composition in the form of a solid substance of smooth and homogeneous consistency which has a relatively high percentage of finely divided abrasive material uniformly incorporated therein and which can be readily molded into the desired form.

A further object of the invention is to provide a solid abrasive composition in which the binder is of relatively low melting point and in its liquid state of relatively high viscosity so that, when a stick of the abrasive composition is applied to the surface of a rapidly rotating butting wheel, the portion of the stick in contact with the wheel is softened by the heat generated by the friction and adheres to the surface of the wheel without loss of abrasive material due to crumbling or breaking oil of particles of the stick.

A further object is to provide a composition which after being applied to a bufing wheel will not stick to the metal being polished in the butting operation.

A further object is to provide an abrasive composition and a method of making the same by which the melting point and consistency may be regulated by varying the proportions of the constituents to produce compositions which possess the consistency and melting point found to be most desirable for butting wheels operating at difierent speeds and on diiierent kinds of material. A further object is to provide an abrasive composition in vwhich the binder in its liquid state is of such high viscosity that even when subjected to relatively "high temperatures in the operation of a buffing wheel, the binder will retail the abrasive on the wheel, 7

A further object is to provide a binder which after the abrasive material is mixed therewith solidifies very quickly preventing any appreciable settling of the heavier abrasive materials.

Application filed October 18, 1927. Serial li o. 227,058.

With the above and other objects in view the invention may be said to comprise the composition and method of compounding the same as hereinafter described and particularly set forth in the appended claims, together with such variations and modifications thereof as will be apparent to one skilled in the art to which the invention appertains.

The present invention utilizes a property which has been found to, be possessed to a high degree by anilids of fatty acids when mixed with mineral oils, fatty olls and waxes, namely, the property of stiffening the consistency of the mixture or solution-to an extent. varying with the percentage of anilid employed. The anilid also possesses the property of raising the solidifying point which is advantageous in a composition of this character.

In making the binder, a relatively large percentage of mineral oil is mixed with a relatively small percentage of a fatty oil, together with the percentage of anilid, preferabl stearanilid, necessary to give the composition the desired consistency. By employing mineral oils of difi'erent viscosities and by varying the relative proportions of mineral and fatty oils as well as the pro ortion of anilid, compositions may be obtained of any desired consistency and solidifying point within relatively wider limits than is customarily obtainable.

In making the abrasive blocks or sticks, a finely divided abrasive such as emery, carborundum, silica, tripoli, whiting, lime, rouge, crocus. chrome or any combination of these abrasive substances is intimately mixed with the binder after which the blocks or sticks are molded to the desired form. The percentage of the abrasive in the composition will vary somewhat with the character of the abrasive material and the use to which the abrasive is to be put, but an important advantage of the binder of the present invention is that it is capable of retaining a very large percentage of abrasive material uniformly dispersed throughout the body thereof without becoming brittle and unworkable.

- While it is to be understood that the proportions oi the ingredients may be varied to lib) quite an extent obtain compositions suitvThe composition above described will have a meltin point of approximately 157 F. and normally is substantially of cup grease consistency.

It will be understood that by increasing the proportion of stearanilid, the consistency will be increased and the solidifying point will be raised and that by employing mineral oils of different viscosities and different proportions of fatty oil, any desired consistency and solidifying point within a relatively wide range may be obtained. If stiffer consistency is desired, the percentage of petrolatum and tallow may be reduced or either or both of these ingredients may be omitted altogether and stearanilid used alone as a binder. The petrolatum may be 'of an inexpensive quality, other anilids of fatty acids may be substituted for the stearanilid, and the tallow which is added to increase the lubricating and clinging quantities may be replaced by other waxes such as stearic acid, or parafiine wax or by fatty oils such as commercial oleic acid, cotton seed oil, fatty acid, or corn oil fatty acid.

An abrasive stick formed of composition of the present invention when ap lied to a rapidly rotating surface of a bu ng wheel gradually softens at the end due to the heat generated by frictional engagement with the wheel and the combustion .as it is melted by. the heat is gradually and uniformly distributed over the surface of the wheel. Furthermore, due to the stiff consistency of the composition and the uniform distribution of the abrasive materials therein, the abrasive material is firmly held on the bufiin wheel during polishing operations even t ough relatively high temperatures are produced by the frictional engagement of the wheel with the article being polished. In addition, clean bright surfaces are produced in the bufiing a fatty oil 10 to 20% and stearanilid 20'to 40%.

3. An abrasive stick composedof a suitable finely divided abrasive incorporated in a homogeneous wax-like substantially anhydrous binder composed of petrolatum 55%, stearanilid 30%, and tallow 15%.

4. An abrasive stick composed of a homoeneous wax-like substantially anhydrous inder comosed of mineral and fatty oils having a su stantial proportion of an anilid of a fatty acid in solution therein, and particles of abrasive material uniformly interspersed throughout the binder. In testimony whereof I afiix m signature.

EDWARD NILL. 

